Break down into parts
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| Nutrient | Broken Down Into | Where | Stored as | Mobilized by Insulin as |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbohydrates | Simple sugars (mainly glucose) | Mouth, small intestine | Glycogen (mainly in liver and muscles) | Glucose (via glycogenolysis) |
| Proteins | Amino acids | Stomach, small intestine | Protein (in body tissues, e.g. muscle) | Amino acids (via muscle breakdown) |
| Fats (Lipids) | Fatty acids + Monoglycerides | Small intestine | Triglycerides (in adipose tissue) | Fatty acids, glycerol, ketone bodies(via lipolysis & ketogenesis) |
| Nucleic Acids | Nucleotides → nitrogenous bases, sugars, phosphate | Small intestine | ||
| Vitamins | Absorbed as is (not digested) | Small intestine | ||
| Minerals | Absorbed as is (ions) | Small intestine | ||
| Water | Absorbed directly | Small & large intestines |